Review of communication skills Essay Example for Free

Review of communication skills Essay In the group interactions, I was a class room assistant who was meeting the parents of a young child with behavioural problems.  When Mr and Mrs Shaw arrived I called them in to the office using a soft tone and with a hand gesture I offered them a seat in front of my desk. They seemed pleased to be meeting me and were very concerned about their son Matthew. They were both talking in a calm slow voice with varying tone.   I started by asking how Matthews behaviour was at home. Mr Shaw was relaxed and sitting in an open posture. He said Matthewss behaviour was fine and there was nothing wrong with him. Mrs Shaw became tensed and looked away from her husband and said she had experienced problems at home when Matthew was around other children, as he would become angry and frustrated over simple things. Mr Shaw sat upright and told his wife there was nothing wrong with Matthews behaviour and that this was normal. I reassured them both that this could be understandable as he is an only child and may not be use to sharing with other children. Maintaining good eye contact I said I was experiencing the same problems in the class as Matthew is becoming very disruptive and a lot of parents are complain that their children are frightened of Matthew. Mrs Shaw became very upset and did not keep eye contact with me, and Mr Shaw was now in a closed posture. In a strong tone Mr Shaw demanded what was doing to help Matthew. I leaned forward and using a soft tone I told them the school could offer support for Matthew as long as the parents were willing to help, I then showed them some of Matthews class work and the areas he was doing good in. His mother seemed pleased and became less tensed. I offered a special needs program pointing out the benefits where Matthew could be taken out of the class room for a few hours a week. Mr Shaw became very tensed and leaned back in his chair as his face muscles became tight. He said his son did not need a special needs program and this was a waste of time, I went over the benefits o the program again, speaking clearly as I read the most important points. Mrs Shaw was unsure and wanted to agree only if her husband would support the program, but she agreed to look at the leaflet and consider it with her husband. I explained how one to one help for Matthew would benefit him in his school work and also the other children, I then said they could discuss the program at home and decide, and then they could arrange another interview if they were happy with the program. Mr Shaw stood up and I handed Mrs Shaw the leaflets. I thanked them for their time and shock their hands, I said using a polite tone they could come see me any time if they were unhappy about any thing. I showed them to the door and Mrs Shaw was very thankful for my advice and agreed to come back and discuss the program for Matthew. Mr Shaw thanked me but did not shake my hand and made no eye contact with me as he left and I said he was very welcome to come back any time.

You are Beautiful :: Middle East Culture Feminism Essays

Standing up for oneself is always a challenge, no matter who you are. In some Arab societies certain traditions and customs seem built to keep women on a lower level than men. The truth, as demonstrated by many books written by Arab women, is that every society has outdated customs, or rules, and those rules are what tend to keep oppressed people in check. If it’s not a gender issue then it is a race issue. If it’s not a race issue then it becomes political or intellectual. Sadly, there have always been rules that oppress one group or another, but time are changing and with them people change. The women in two Arab novels, written by Arab women, express their personal experiences in Arab society. Though the novels are fiction they are based on the real life experiences of the authors and can be taken as facts of what events transpired during the lives of the authors. The changes demonstrated by the main characters in Fatima Mernissi’s Dreams of Trespass and Ahdaf Soueif’s In the Eye of the Sun exhibit the Arab woman’s ability to become an independent and psychologically powerful member of society. Mernissi’s Fatima grows up in a harem which would seem to imply a lack of independence, however the women surrounding her act as liberal educators, teaching her never to settle for less than she deserves. Soueif’s Asya on the other hand develops into a woman while being raised in an upper class household, with liberal ideas on only certain subjects. The two women evolve, throughout the course of each novel, into stronger and more independent entities, both physically and psychologically. Fatima Mernissi preserves the feeling of an autobiography by keeping the main character named after herself. For the sake of clarity when referring to the author I will use only her last name. Mernissi’s novel begins with Fatima as a child. Throughout the novel she grows to the age of nine, but that is where the story ends. The first few years of Fatima’s life seem to have been the most crucial in determining what kind of person she was destined to become. Fatima’s experiences in her childhood are dramatic and influence her enough that her life changes drastically. Early in the novel Mernissi states, â€Å"when you hurt a woman you are violating Allah’s sacred frontier† (3). This statement helps to set the tone for the novel.

Money: Descriptio Essay

Money Money is a very essential factor in our lives. In this world everyone needs money in order to survive. The reason why our world it's active, it's because we are all seeking for this medium. Money has a great influence on every society, it gives people a different perception of life and can lead to change people's lifestyle. Money can have an effective impact people's lives ,likewise it can lead to some negative impact. Indeed Money is what the world is about , what our lives depends on and what we are all living for. In fact money is necessary in today's global society.This medium is the center of all activities , everyone needs for their whole life; for clothes, for food, for a shelter and all other things to live comfortably. There are some people who have enough money to provide themselves more than these basic needs , they are usually referred as rich or wealthy people , some have enough to buy a town or even a country. For example, the wealthy can travel across the ocean o r the desert if they so desire, whereas the poor must deny themselves such pleasures and focus on simply having enough money to make it to the end of the month.Money is money is not equal across different classes in a social hierarchy,apparently it is based on productivity. Furthermore ,although we can see class distinctions economically , these classes are equal on some level. For instance one of the richest people in the world cannot buy love, health, joy peace or feelings . Money has it limit ,money can only buy mostly concrete and material things. After all , we are all motivate to get it , because our lives depends on it .Money cannot provide every single things nor resolve every problems , but it can make our lives less miserable. Certainly without it our living conditions would be poor hard to meet the basic needs in life . Moreover, a part from those advantages ,money has brought us a lot of downsides. . Money often makes people conceited, grasping , envious . Usually we are never satisfied of enough money we have ,everyone want to get more , even the wealthy people want earn as more as possible . Earning money legitimately is a difficult task , but some people want it to be an easy one.For instance there are people who are willing to do any kind of things in order to get it , they will steal, cheat, break the law, lie , do harm to others to fill their pocket. This medium has taken over our lives, it is without doubt very valuable in life ,the more materials we get . In conclusion , money brings a lot of advantages as see ,we all know that it is necessary for survival . Whether money does us good or harm it depends greatly on our perception of it. Money is not necessary to be happy, though it is essential to remain happy. For this reason making money is the first common goal on everyone's life .

Totalitarianism in Brave New World Essay - 1444 Words

The formative years of the 1900’s, suffered from communism, fascism, and capitalism. The author of the Brave New World, Mr. Aldous Huxley lived in a social order in which he had been exposed to all three of these systems. In the society of the Brave New World, which is set 600 years into the future, individuality is not condoned and the special motto â€Å"Community, Identity, Stability† frames the structure of the Totalitarian Government. The Brave New World â€Å"community† is divided into five castes ranging from the Alphas, who are the most intellectually superior, and ending with the Epsilons who are the most intellectually inferior. â€Å"Identity† is portrayed in the â€Å"Conditioning Center,† where babies are not born but made then separated into†¦show more content†¦There are no wastes in the New World. Everything is put to good use, even the dead. This belief that everything should be put to good use was an idea of Ford who created the T-model vehicle, which is also a major symbol in the Brave New World. In this world, people replace the sign of the cross with the â€Å"T† sign. By the time of the creation of this model, communities began to complain because cars were harmful to nature. Cleverly, Ford told the community that cars allow people to experience and love nature. Ford used nature as an incentive to buy a car. The Brave New World’s political system is simi lar to communism. In the communism system, leaders attempt to try and control everyone and their way of thinking. The Brave New World portrays the perfect society, where citizens of â€Å"Utopia† live a life without depression, and any socioeconomic problems. In the New World, every portion of life is controlled. Only when a person is able to dig deeper inside of himself will he find that this world is nothing close to perfect. Drugs, sex, and mind games control this world and solve any problems that may arise, such as overpopulation, and caste tension. The usage of such tactics causes a loss of individuality. The people of the New World are used to meet the needs of the state. Individuality seems unreachable because everybody has been trained and conditioned to think alike. The motto â€Å"Community, Identity, Stability† shows the lack of importance for individuals. The peopleShow MoreRelatedTotalitarianism in Brave New World by Aldous Huxley and Nineteen Eighty-four by George Orwell1270 Words   |  5 PagesMany people have sought to evaluate the vulnerabilities associated with states and markets that are under totalitarianism, which is a political system in which the state holds total authority over the society. First developed in 1920 by the Italian fascists, and in particular Benito Mussolini, who ruled Italy for over twenty years, totalitarianism embossed the minds of those who lived under it. This system was conceptualized mainly to highlight the similarities between Nazi Germany and other fascistRead MoreBrave New World vs 1984757 Words   |  4 PagesAldous Huxley s Brave New World is more relevant today than George Orwell s 1984. Although both of the two totalitarian societies are based on plausible premises, the Utopia depicted in Brave New World still has a chance of appearing today, while the Big Brother-dominated society created by Orwell, being based to some extent on the totalitarian societies that existed at the time of the book s inception, is simply obsolete. Brave New World remains more believable in modern times becauseRead MoreBrave New World By Aldous Huxley919 Words   |  4 Pages In Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, the social boundaries that we have today regarding sex does not exist, families are obsolete as citizens are made in Bokanovsky’s Process (one that does not require sex meaning, the need for parents is gone), and the government conditions their citizens from early ages to keep stability throughout its regime. Brave New World follows protagonist Bernard (and his hidden love for nature and struggle for freedom) through this society, revealing all of it’s gloryRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Brave New World 1087 Words   |  5 Pages Totalitarianism diminishes the idea of individuality and destroys all chances of self-improvement, and human’s natural hunger for knowledge. In George Orwell’s famous novel, â€Å"1984†, totalitarianism is clearly seen in the exaggerated control of the state over every single citizen, everyday, everywhere. Totalitarianism can also be seen in the book â€Å"Brave New World† by Aldous Huxley, in which humans are synthetically made and conditioned for their predestinated purpose on earth. The lack of individualismRead MoreBrave New World by Aldous Huxley1093 Words   |  4 Pagescan be drawn between the film production The Truman Show by Peter Weir and Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World. In each media, the society depicted seemed outwardly perfect, and the citizens were content. The individuals remained content through complete government control. With every society’s strength is a weakness, interestingly enough, the Achilles’ heel of both perfect societies is totalitarianism and social conditioning. The fact of the matter is that not everyone will be the standard. TheRead MoreBlade Runner and New Brave Worlds Perspectives on Humanity Essay1297 Words   |  6 PagesBlade Runner and New Brave W orlds Perspectives on Humanity Ridley Scott’s film â€Å"Blade Runner: Director’s Cut† and Aldous Huxley’s novel â€Å"Brave New World† explore the concept of ‘In The Wild’ by focusing on the natural world and its rhythms falling victim to unbridled scientific development. They present a wedge that is divorcing manRead MoreBrave New World Essay1235 Words   |  5 PagesHuxleys work, Brave New World, is a book about a society that is in the future. This book contains many strange things that are generally unheard of today. Yet we see that some of the ideas that are presented in this book were already present in the 20th century. The idea of having one superior race of people can easily be seen as something that Hitler was trying to accomplish during the Holocaust. Huxley presents the society in his book as being a greater civilization. A totalitarian type of leadershipRead MoreThe Anti Utopian World By Aldous Huxley1216 Words   |  5 PagesThe Anti-Utopian World Have you ever thought about how it might feel to have your life controlled by the government? Aldous Huxley’s 1932 novel, Brave New World explores this very topic. An allegory of an industrialized society, Brave New World describes a kind of society that formerly gets inherited with specific traits in order to complete profounding tasks. The purpose of doing so is to keep the society running smoothly. Totalitarianism is subjected upon people from the day of their birth withRead More1984 War Is Peace995 Words   |  4 PagesThought Police who watch and listen to every citizen at all times through a device called a telescreen for the least signs of criminal deviation or unorthodox thoughts. This novel, like Orwell’s earlier work Animal Farm and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, is an example of anti-utopian fiction, that kind of fiction which shows man at the mercy of some force over which he has no control. Anti-utopian novels are usually intended as a criticism of the time in which the author lives. Nineteen EightyRead MoreBrave New World And The Island898 Words   |  4 PagesImagine a perfect world where everything is controlled; your job, your everyday life, even your thoughts. You would never have to think about anything ever again, but Aldous Huxley, the writer of Brave New World and Michael Bay, the director of The Island, both attempt to depict the dangers of this â€Å"utopia†. Although Brave New World and The Island both successfully communicate satire, Brave New World is better at eliciting people to think and change. In both Brave New World and The Island, one aspect

Why I Am A Writer Essay - 1633 Words

Just as â€Å"Refuge: TallMountain and Kenny Find Their Meaning† helped me in my quest, as well did my special place paper entitled as â€Å"Not to Cry†. This paper contributed greatly to my journey as a writer. Through this paper I was able to focus on myself. I focused more on the creative side to get my point across. I was able to freely write about something I am very knowledgeable more than anyone else. Writing this paper reminded me of my family and writing about them contributes to who I am today. I felt the freedom to write what was in my heart without worrying about being judge by my readers. Before, I would always write something and worry about getting my grammar right rather than expressing how I truly feel. I was trained in high school to follow the rules of writing that caused me to not enjoy doing it so much. However, when I had the chance to attend this class I learned that my main purpose in writing is to explain my point of view of the subject. This pa per reminded me of what I had learned from the past and I was able to better this personal paper that is a very significant material to my growth. My â€Å"Not to Cry† is another evidence of my growth as a writer throughout the course. Although I wanted to set the bar high for myself and do good on this paper, I realized I did not know what I was supposed to do. So, I took what I learned from Dr. Popham and applied it to my paper. After finishing my paper, I thought did very well and will be receive just aShow MoreRelatedWhy I Am A Writer1299 Words   |  6 Pages After I graduated from college three years ago, I wanted to quickly break into the writing world. I knew I had a writer s mind and a writer s blood, yet I didn t acknowledge the true commitment it took to become a good writer. I experienced many months of harsh rejection after submitting my stories to various literary magazines and began to realize what it takes: constant hard work, constant revising, a thick skin and, mostly, never giving up. It’s then that I finally started focusingRead MoreWhy I Am A Writer1646 Words   |  7 PagesLooking back on the last 8 weeks in this class, I have learned a lot about myself as a writer, and that I have a lot more to learn. Though I do not consider myself to be a writer, once we are placed in the student role and given an assignment that involves writing a paper, what you do or do not consider yourself does not matter. You are now a writer when placed in a role as a writer. This has been something that I have personally struggled with due to my decision to put myself in a student role,Read MoreWhy I Am An Advanced Writer906 Words   |  4 Pages1, I was quite intimidated. I do not consider myself as an advanced writer. Growing up spelling was my worst subject therefore English was always hard for me. This resulted in my lack of skills in writing. Sentence structure is also a weak point for me. Even with not having the skills to be a great writer, I do believe I have some strong points. I can read something and evaluate it. Also I have been able to do my research for a proficient research paper. When it comes to writing a paper I am exceptionallyRead MoreWhy I Am a Writer and an Artist837 Words   |  3 PagesI suppose I have always been an artist and a writer- I can’t remember a time where I wasn’t fascinated by sentences and colors. In the same way, I have always loved to learn. Yet it wasn’t until I was older that I realized the influence literature and art can have on the world, along with what an education can really be. In my high school Gifted Education class we discussed ethics, science, politics, human identity, paradigms, and their problems. We eagerly debated solutions to these issues, bouncingRead MoreWhy I Am A Bad Writer1389 Words   |  6 PagesFrom the time I was in about fourth or fifth grade I began to dislike certain subjects in school. I loathed everything about writing assignments. I didn’t write at home before that the thought of writing for myself never really occurred to me. I hated the deadlines the length requirements and I just tried to get them done and had no intention of writing well because I told myself I was a bad writer. I have never really known whether or not I truly am a bad writer. I continued these habits ofRead MoreWhy I Did Little For Aspiring Writers1299 Words   |  6 PagesAfter I graduated from college three years ago, I wanted to quickly break into the writing world. I knew I had a writer s mind and a writer s blood, yet I didn t acknowledge the t rue commitment it took to become a good writer. I experienced many months of harsh rejection after submitting my stories to various literary magazines and began to realize what it takes: constant hard work, constant revising, a thick skin and, mostly, never giving up. It’s then that I finally started focusingRead MoreMy Life As A Writer. From Childhood I Did Not Love Writing1195 Words   |  5 Pages My Life as a Writer From childhood I did not love writing and did not put much effort into developing my writing skills. Although I used to hate writing, I did love reading from the moment I remember myself. I think the reason why I didn’t like writing is because I used to like just absorbing information rather than expressing my opinion about it on the paper. I believe that my mom was the one, who flourished in me love to books and reading. My momRead MoreMy Writing As A Writer1700 Words   |  7 PagesWhat kind of writer am I? That’s a trick question for which there is not a satisfactory answer. My experience with writing has never been my favorite. In fact, English has always been my least favorite subject. Studying math and science is what I enjoy; these have come rather easy for me. English, for some reason I will never understand, has always required extra effort for me actually to do well. Sure, there have been plenty of times that I have been required to write a few research paper s, severalRead MoreMy Strengths And Strengths Of My Weaknesses1162 Words   |  5 Pagesclass has to offer, however, the only way I made it out alive was to leave the writer I thought I was in the past. There are challenges along the way that tested my strengths and showed my weaknesses. Also, I was able to realize the type of writer I am and the writer that I am not. English 1101, teaches the elements of writing allowing studentto understand themselves as writers; with the hope that by the end of the semester the students will be stronger writers. I have reached the end of English 1101Read MoreQuestions On The Writer World Turns972 Words   |  4 PagesAs the writer world turns, to how many days does it take to have an editor respond to your questions to an email? If you recall my letter to the editor, and it took this amount of days to have any response. So as true as I am, I am going to let you read what was been sent to me. I only remove the names to be nice and still be a lad y of writing. Tamara, I ll check with one of the editorial assistants that mostly edits your work. Truly, there are many mistakes in your job. I love your ambition and

Kants Views on Morality - 949 Words

Morality has been a subject of many philosophical discussions that has prompted varied responses from different philosophers. One of the most famous approaches to morality is that of Immanuel Kant in his writing Groundwork of Metaphysics of Morals. Kant in this work argues that the reason for doing a particular action or the drive to do good things is a fundamental basis of defining moral quality in a person. To him, an action could be considered morally right only if the motivation behind doing that action was out of ‘goodwill’. When he defines these moral rules, he characterizes them in the form of imperatives – the hypothetical imperative and categorical imperative. While hypothetical imperatives deal with motivations and actions that†¦show more content†¦As a result, a utilitarian would promote the acts of sympathetic individuals helping others as opposed to the non-sympathetic individuals as the happiness of society as a whole is higher in the former action. Although a strictly Kantian philosophy may not be the more popular philosophy at least when it comes to altruistic deeds, Kant is right to consider the person of cold temperament to be more morally worthy than the one who is happy to help others. This is because, morality is not something that should be motivated by what one gets out of it even if the reward for acting morally is only an emotional benefit. This however does not make the acts of sympathetic individuals immoral. It just makes their motivations less morally worthy than a person who does it without any inclination for helping others. There is a fundamental difference as Kant puts it in the actual moral actions and the drive for moral actions. The actual acts or ends in the case of both kinds of individuals helping is moral but their drive for committing those actions rank differently on a scale of moral worthiness. This is especially true since we differentiate ourselves from the other members of the animal kingdom due t o our ability to think through our actions. It is a sense of rational objectivity that renders this capability in us. Hence, Kant is right to view morality as rational product of our actions. It should be largely based on what our reason allows us to do. DoingShow MoreRelatedKant And Mill : Morality As A Responsibility Towards Positive Impacts1578 Words   |  7 PagesBoth Kant and Mill describe morality as a responsibility towards positive impacts. Kant views morality as thought out actions leading to positive outcomes for others through means of using ones conscience (Kant, Immanuel, 2). Therefore, a person’s actions should result in a positive impact on others, and a person should think carefully before doing something to ensure that. Immorality as defined by Kant describes self-centered actions that do not benefit any other human being while Mill’s theoryRead MoreA Critique of the Categorical Imperative1689 Words   |  7 Pagesfocused on how the morality of an a ction was not dependant on its consequences or the intentions of its undertaker, rather solely on the intrinsic moral worth of the action itself. This concept has been challenged since its birth and been often regarded as a rather impractical and often contradicting facet of moral philosophy. Although the previous allegation is true, the ideas behind the categorical imperative give a significant and much needed challenge our modern day notions of morality. The KantianRead MoreThe Trolley Problem Of The Monist1624 Words   |  7 Pagesincorrect to turn the trolley and willingly choose to kill one person, rather than allow the five to die, but the philosophies of Immanuel Kant and John Stewart Mill must be analyzed to determine whether they would agree with Thomson, or have a different view from Thomson as well as one another. When considering J.J. Thomson’s Trolley Problem, the philosophies of Kant and Mill must be fully analyzed and expressed to determine the most plausible perspective to be taken by both philosophers on the issueRead MoreKant and Sexual Morality1383 Words   |  6 Pagesjudgement helps us to understand and determined sexual morality. Thomas A. Mappes supports Kant’s claims and helps to further explain Kant’s statement by defining it and introducing the idea that one must give their voluntary informed consent in order for certain actions to be moral. Mappes also illustrates that voluntary inform ed consent can be undermined through both deception and coercion. This helps us in the understanding of sexual morality. It is important to understand what Kant means when claimingRead MoreKant and Sexual Morality1394 Words   |  6 Pagesjudgement helps us to understand and determined sexual morality. Thomas A. Mappes supports Kant’s claims and helps to further explain Kant’s statement by defining it and introducing the idea that one must give their voluntary informed consent in order for certain actions to be moral. Mappes also illustrates that voluntary informed consent can be undermined through both deception and coercion. This helps us in the understanding of sexual morality. It is important to understand what Kant means whenRead MoreThe Comparable And Contrastable Philosophies Of Kierkegaard And Kant Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesKierkegaard and Kant In this paper, I will investigate the comparable and contrasting views of Soren Kierkegaard and Immanuel Kant. Their extraordinary journeys towards the meaning of morality and ethics is riveting, spiritual, universal, and in many ways, incredibly different. My conclusion is that though there are aspects which bind their theories together, ultimately both men possess different understandings of what morality is and how an individual ought to be moral. Kierkegaard, while exemplifying aRead MoreUtilitarianism And Immanuel Kant1213 Words   |  5 PagesImmanuel Kant’s philosophical writings have influenced people all throughout the world. Centuries later, his works still form a major point of reference in studies carried out in the modern world. His writings have brought a new dimension in religion, law and history. Among his many works was the Metaphysics of Morals which is the subject of this paper. His view of morals is that our desires and emotions are categorically imperati ve, meaning that they are conscience driven. His philosophy is closelyRead MoreKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 Pagesabove formulations, A strict interpretation of Categorical Imperative and a more liberal interpretation. This Kantian moral theory shapes almost all of Immanuel Kant’s work on morality and ethics, particularly his â€Å"a priori principle† on human rights. Although Kant ultimately developed enlightenment era political theory, many of his views are often seen as bizarre or even controversial at times, particularly in regards his â€Å"a priori principles† of the people and the Categorical Imperative itself.Read MoreKant on the Locus of the Moral Worth and Utility682 Words   |  3 Pageseffectiveness to reach a given end. From his point of view, goodwill is not meant for the realization of good results neither does it act as a means of achieving a particular result. The goodwill, therefore, should never depe nd on any of the external factors for it is good in itself and is regarded for itself. However, Kant admits that the goodwill can only be good if it is willing. According to Kantian Ethics: Good Will, It is Your Duty! Kant’s ethics moral are based on the unconditional command referredRead MoreKant s Categorical Imperative And Morality1297 Words   |  6 PagesKant: The Categorical Imperative and Morality Immanuel Kant, a Prussian philosopher, was a leader in the rationalization of society and morality. His revolutionary law, known as the categorical imperative, was a major step toward freeing morality, and people in general, from the bounds of a religious authority or moral absolute to judge them. Working during the Enlightenment, he contributed to the flow of similarly progressive ideas during this pivotal era in human development and knowledge. Brought

Cinema and Surrealism Essay Example For Students

Cinema and Surrealism Essay Surrealism is understood in several different ways, some of which oppose others, but all of these misinterpretations are established on the fact that critics try and condense surrealism to a technique or a genre in itself, as opposed to being prepared to see it as a movement with expanding horizons. Critics have been unsuccessful in identifying the unique qualities that make up the surrealist stance. the evocation of genre in the case surrealist films can seem iconoclastic ? (Conley: 99: 2006). They are searching for a theme, a meticulous type of imagery or a definite concept that they can categorize as surrealist in order to supply a criterion of judgement by which a film can be evaluated. The issue with this is that it goes against the spirit of surrealism. Surrealism was an avant-garde art movement in Paris from 1924 to 1941, which consisted out of a small group of writers, artists and filmmakers. The movement used shocking, irrational or absurd imagery in order to defy the conventional purpose of art, which was at the time characterised by realism. Surrealist cinema, just as Dada cinema, is characterised and classified by means of juxtapositions, the elimination of theatrical psychology and a recurrent utilization of shocking imagery. It has been debated whether Surrealist film warrants a distinctive genre. Acknowledgment of a cinematographic genre requires the ability to name many narratives which share thematic and stylistic traits. By classifying Surrealism as a genre, is to imply that there is reiteration of elements and an easily identifiable standard method, which depicts the entirety of the film. It can be argued that due to Surrealisms use of the irrational and inconclusive mannerisms, it is unfeasible for Surrealist films to comprise a style or a specific genre. I believe Surrealist film narratives cannot be defined by its structure or style. The results achieved due to the practice of surrealism are its definition and classification. While there are several films which are true expressions of the surrealist film movement, a lot of films that have been catalogued as Surrealist, merely contain Surrealist fragments. Instead of classifying them as a Surrealist film, the more appropriate term for such works may be Surrealism in film. Surrealists are not worried about creating a magical world that can be defined as surreal. Their attention is almost exclusively in investigating the conjunctions and the points of contact between different realms of existence. Surrealism is constantly about departures rather than arrivals. The ambition of surrealism was to blend dream and reality so that the consequential art confronted the limits of representation and perception. The movement was profoundly influenced by the budding theories of psychoanalysis. Surrealists wanted to tap the unconscious mind. They wanted to provide the incoherent narratives of dreams directly into language and images, discarding the intervention of the conscious thought processes. The ideal Surrealist film would not be a humorous, chaotic assemblage of events. Instead, it is a sketch of a disturbing, often sexually charged story that followed the incomprehensible reason of a dream. In the film, eXistenZ (Cronenberg, 1999), the surrealist movement is captured by using tangible objects and diverting them into an intangible, subconscious thought process, thus embodying the nature of undefined expressions of emotion. The Surrealist filmmakers depended on private investment and screened their work in small artists assemblies, as opposed to the mainstream cinema projects. This segregation is scarcely unforeseen, due to the fact that the Surrealist cinema was a radical movement, fabricating films that baffled and traumatized most audience members. Surrealist cinema is directly related to Surrealism in literature and painting. Influenced by Freudian psychology, the Surrealist film movement wanted to record the concealed currents of the unconscious mind. .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 , .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .postImageUrl , .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 , .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:hover , .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:visited , .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:active { border:0!important; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:active , .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3 .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1669b21e822e20bfd5c05f694c7e28b3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Movie Summary - Orlando EssayThe search for strange or suggestive imagery and the purposeful evasion of reasonably explainable form or style is what became prominent features of Surrealism, as it evolved in the period from 1924 to 1929. From the outset, the Surrealists were fascinated by the cinema, in particular appreciative of films that depicted a wild desire or the incredible and marvellous. Surrealist cinema is blatantly anti-narrative. If consistency is to be fought, fundamental associations among proceedings must be disbanded. Many Surrealist films taunt us to discover a narrative logic that is basically not present. Causality is as elusive as in a dream. As an alternative, we find proceedings juxtaposed for their troubling outcome. In comparison, an Impressionist film would prompt such actions as a characters dreams or figment of their imagination, but in these surrealist films, character psyche is all but nonexistent. Sexual desire, elation, hostility, profanity and uncanny humour deliver events that Surrealist film structure utilizes with a disregard for conventional narrative principles. The anticipation was that the free form of the film would stimulate the deepest urges of the viewer. The style of Surrealist cinema is eclectic. Mise-en-scene is often subjective to Surrealist paintings. Surrealist editing is a mixture of some Impressionist structure and techniques, for example dissolves and superimpositions, as well as devices from the mainstream cinema. On the other hand, discontinuous editing is also frequently used to fracture any prearranged temporal spatial coherence. Overall Surrealist film style refused to sanctify any particular structures or techniques, seeing as that would order and rationalise what had to be an undirected play of thought. ExistenZ (Cronenberg, 1999) is a film that chiefly engages the audience perception of reality. It fiddles with the audience observation of what reality is, cunningly cultivating a sense of the mysterious by means of slight distortions of the understood reality. Therefore, surrealists are playing around with the medium of film which is fundamentally a suspension of disbelief. ExistenZ (Cronenberg, 1999) makes use of the knowledge that as an audience member we will acknowledge and accept ?the world of the film to be a reality because, such as the case in eXistenZ (Cronenberg, 1999), it is a different world, a world which has been artificially created so that we can accept it to be real. In the film, the audience is initially encouraged to accept and acknowledge the circumstances of the film as the audience members begin the film as spectators watching a scene set in the future, seeing the characters trying to cross the threshold into a virtual reality world, a world which audience members can identify as unreal. The narrative then requests the audience to question the reality of this world by means of introducing subtle devices and techniques, such as the saturation of colour, the iconography in the background and a two-headed mutated amphibian. From the point of view of Jude Laws character we are allowed to see that these disturbing images is not unusual. It is important to note that at this stage audience members are still being led to believe that this could be reality. The sense that this is the accurate reality of the film is then additionally supported by taking the audience into the realm of virtual reality, therefore inviting audience members to believe the previous world as the actual reality of the film. As is common among surrealist films, eXistenZ (Cronenberg, 1999S) plays with our perceptions by continually altering what the audience believe to be reality by constantly leaving it open, but taking audience members further and deeper into the unknown. Consequently the audience members are forced to question, what is a dream and what is reality? Through means of this multi layered surrealist approach, which steadily becomes more and more unreal, David Cronenberg guides audience members to the conclusion that the worlds of the film that are generally like our reality must be the reality within the film. Correspondingly, at the same time that apparent reality is undermined with phrases such as, I am not sure here is here anymore. This is frequently reinforced all the way through the film by placing the emphasis upon the name of the game and its sponsors, thus leaving the audience hesitant to believe they are viewing the original world.